PBS Space Time

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The deaths of massive stars results in one of the most beautiful and violent events in the universe: the supernova. They are so luminous we can see them here on Earth and historical records show that we can even see them into the day. But supernovas release deadly and violent radiation that could destroy our atmosphere. So how far away do these supernova have to be for humanity to be safe? And when will the next supernova occur

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Hosted by Matt O'Dowd
Written by Matt O'Dowd
Post Production by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, Adriano Leal & Stephanie Faria
Directed by Andrew Kornhaber
Associate Producer: Bahar Gholipour
Executive Producers: Eric Brown & Andrew Kornhaber
Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez
Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing
Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell

Spacetime is produced by Kornhaber Brown for PBS Digital Studios.
This program is produced by Kornhaber Brown, which is solely responsible for its content.
© 2023 PBS. All rights reserved.

End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/user/MultiDroideka

Space Time Was Made Possible In Part By:

Big Bang Supporters
Bryce Fort
Peter Barrett
David Neumann
Sean Maddox
Alexander Tamas
Morgan Hough
Juan Benet
Vinnie Falco
Fabrice Eap
Mark Rosenthal

Quasar Supporters
Vivaan Vaka
Glenn Sugden
Alex Kern
Ethan Cohen
Stephen Wilcox
Christina Oegren
Mark Heising

Hypernova Supporters
Stephen Spidle
Chris Webb
Ivari Tölp
Zachary Wilson
Kenneth See
Gregory Forfa
Kirk Honour
Joe Moreira
Bradley Voorhees
Marc Armstrong
Scott Gorlick
Paul Stehr-Green
Ben Delo
Scott Gray
Антон Кочков
Robert Ilardi
John R. Slavik
Mathew
Donal Botkin
John Pollock
Edmund Fokschaner
Chuck Zegar
Jordan Young
Daniel Muzquiz

Gamma Ray Burst Supporters
Jakub Jasinski
Piotr Sarnicki
Matthew Oldfield
Massimiliano Pala
Thomas Nielson
Joe Pavlovic
Ryan McGaughy
Chuck Lukaszewski
Edward Hodapp
Andrea Galvagni
Jerry Thomas
Nikhil Sharma
Ryan Moser
John Anderson
David Giltinan
Scott Hannum
Bradley Ulis
Craig Falls
Kane Holbrook
Ross Story
teng guo
Mason Dillon
Matt Langford
Harsh Khandhadia
Thomas Tarler
Susan Albee
Frank Walker
Matt Quinn
Michael Lev
Terje Vold
James Trimmier
Andre Stechert
Paul Wood
Kent Durham
Ramon Nogueira
Ellis Hall
John H. Austin, Jr.
Faraz Khan
Almog Cohen
Alex Edwards
Daniel Jennings
Cameron Sampson
Jeremy Reed
David Johnston
Michael Barton
Andrew Mann
Isaac Suttell
Bleys Goodson
Robert Walter
Mark Delagasse
Mark Daniel Cohen
Nickolas Andrew Freeman
Shane Calimlim
Tybie Fitzhugh
Eric Kiebler
Craig Stonaha
Graydon Goss
Frederic Simon
John Robinson
Jim Hudson
David Barnholdt
David Neal
John Funai
Bradley Jenkins
Vlad Shipulin
Cody Brumfield
Thomas Dougherty
King Zeckendorff
Dan Warren
Patrick Sutton
John Griffith
Dean Faulk
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PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to:http://to.pbs.org/DonateSPACEUploaded 04-05-22Sign Up on Patreon to get access to the Space Time Discord!https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetimeSpace is big, and it’s getting bigger. But where does all that new space actually come from? And is it popping into existence all around you right now? Is that why the remote control is always further away than I thought?Check out the Space Time Merch Storehttps://www.pbsspacetime.com/shopSign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements!https://mailchi.mp/1a6eb8f2717d/spacetimeHosted by Matt O'DowdWritten by Matt O'Dowd Post Production by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, Pedro Osinski, Adriano Leal and Stephanie FariaGFX Visualizations: Ajay ManuelDirected by Andrew KornhaberAssociate Producer: Bahar GholipourExecutive Producers: Eric Brown and Andrew KornhaberExecutives in Charge (PBS): Adam Dylewski, Maribel Lopez Director of Programming (PBS): Gabrielle Ewing Spacetime is produced by Kornhaber Brown for PBS Digital Studios.This program is produced by Kornhaber Brown, which is solely responsible for its content.© 2022 PBS. All rights reserved.End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/user/MultiDroidekaSpecial Thanks to Our Patreon SupportersBig Bang SupportersAdam HillierBryce FortMark EvansDavid TaicletDaniel AlexiucPeter BarrettDavid NeumannCharlieLeo KoguanSandy WuAhmad JodehAlexander TamasMorgan HoughAmyJuan BenetVinnie FalcoFabrice EapMark RosenthalDavid NicklasQuasar SupportersAlex KernEthan CohenStephen WilcoxChristina OegrenMark HeisingHank SHypernova SupportersWilliam BryanGregory ForfaKirk HonourdrollereJoe MoreiraMarc ArmstrongScott GorlickPaul Stehr-GreenAdam WaltersRussell PopeBen DeloScott GrayАнтон КочковJohn R. SlavikMathewDonal BotkinJohn PollockEdmund FokschanerJoseph Salomonechuck zegarJordan YoungDaniel MuzquizGamma Ray Burst SupportersThomas TarlerbsgbryanSean McCaulCarsten QuinlanSusan AlbeeFrank WalkerMatt QWhizBangeryAvi YashchinMHL SHSKory KirkTerje VoldAnatoliy NagornyycomboyBrett BakerJonathan ConerlyAndre StechertRoss BohnerPaul WoodKent Durhamjim bartoshNubbleChris NavridesScott R CalkinsThe Mad MechanicEllis HallJohn H. Austin, Jr.Diana SBen CampbellFaraz KhanAlmog CohenAlex EdwardsÁdám KettingerMD3Endre PechDaniel JenningsCameron SampsonPratik MukherjeeGeoffrey ClarionNateDarren DuncanRuss CreechJeremy ReedEric WebsterDavid JohnstonWeb BrowserMichael BartonChristopher BarronJames RamseyMr TAndrew MannIsaac SuttellDevon RosenthalOliver FlanaganBleys GoodsonRobert WalterBruce BSimon OliphantMirik GogriMark DelagasseMark Daniel CohenBrandon LattinNickolas Andrew FreemanShane CalimlimTybie FitzhughRobert IlardiEric KieblerCraig StonahaMartin SkansThe Art of SinGraydon GossFrederic SimonTonyfaceJohn RobinsonA GDavid NealKevin LeejustahatJohn FunaiTristanBradley JenkinsKyle HoferDaniel StříbrnýLuaanCodyThomas DoughertyKing ZeckendorffNick VirtueScott GossettDan WarrenPatrick SuttonJohn GriffithDaniel LyonsDFaulkKevin Warne Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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Thanks to Radiacode for sponsoring this video. Use the promo code "PBS" to get an exclusive 10% discount at: https://103.radiacode.com/PBS Uploaded 19-12-24What do you get if you take something that’s infinitely massive and combining with something else that’s negative infinitely massive? You get a single electron, at least that’s what it looks like in our most precise way of describing the quantum world.15% Off The Entire Merch Storehttps://www.pbsspacetime.com/shopSign Up on Patreon to get access to the Space Time Discord!https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetimeSign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements!https://mailchi.mp/1a6eb8f2717d/spacetimeSearch the Entire Space Time Library Here: https://search.pbsspacetime.com/Hosted by Matt O'DowdWritten by Matt O'Dowd Post Production by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini and Stephanie FariaDirected by Andrew KornhaberAssociate Producer: Bahar GholipourExecutive Producer: Andrew KornhaberExecutive in Charge for PBS: Maribel LopezDirector of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle EwingAssistant Director of Programming for PBS: John CampbellSpacetime is a production of Kornhaber Brown for PBS Digital Studios.This program is produced by Kornhaber Brown, which is solely responsible for its content.© 2024 PBS. All rights reserved.End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/user/MultiDroidekaSpace Time Was Made Possible In Part By: Big BangWojciech SzymskiBryce FortPeter BarrettAlexander TamasMorgan HoughJuan BenetVinnie FalcoMark RosenthalSupernovaGrace BiaelckiGlenn SugdenEthan CohenStephen WilcoxThe Tyacke boysMark HeisingHypernovaDean GalvinMichael TidwellRobert DeChellisStephen SpidleMassimiliano PalaJustin LloydDavid GiltinanKenneth SeeGregory ForfaAlex KernZubin DowlatyScott GorlickPaul Stehr-GreenBen DeloScott GrayАнтон КочковRobert IlardiJohn R. SlavikDonal BotkinEdmund FokschanerChuck ZegarGamma Ray BurstParam SaxenaEric RaschkeAaron PintoKacper CieślaSatwik PaniJohn De WittNathaniel BennettSandhya DeviMichael OulveyArko Provo MukherjeeMike PurvisChristopher WadeAnthony CrosslandGrace SeraphStephen SaslowTomaz LovsinAnthony LeonLori FerrisKoen WildeNicolas KatsantonisRichard SteenbergenJoe PavlovicChuck LukaszewskiCole B CombsAndrea GalvagniJerry ThomasNikhil SharmaJohn AndersonBradley UlisCraig FallsKane HolbrookRoss StoryHarsh KhandhadiaMatt QuinnMichael LevRad AntonovTerje VoldJames TrimmierJeremy SollerPaul WoodKent Durhamjim bartoshJohn H. Austin, Jr.Diana S PoljarFaraz KhanAlmog CohenDaniel JenningsJeremy ReedDavid JohnstonMichael BartonIsaac SuttellBleys GoodsonMark DelagasseMark Daniel CohenShane CalimlimTybie FitzhughEric KieblerCraig StonahaFrederic SimonJim HudsonJohn FunaiAdrien MolyneuxBradley JenkinsJustin WatersThomas DoughertyZac SweersDan WarrenJoseph SalomoneJulien Dubois ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to: http://to.pbs.org/DonateSPACE↓ More info below ↓Uploaded 07-04-20Sign Up on Patreon to get access to the Space Time Discord! https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetimeSign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements!https://mailchi.mp/1a6eb8f2717d/spacetimeCheck out the Space Time Merch Storehttps://pbsspacetime.com/In astronomy we talk about billions of years like it’s no big deal. But how can we be sure about timescales so far beyond the capacity for human intuition? Our discovery of what we now call deep time is very recent - as recent as our discovery of the true spatial vastness of our universe. And it came as scientists tried to measure the age of the Earth. What they found was as shocking and humbling as anything seen through the telescope.Hosted by Matt O'DowdWritten by Dan Falk and Matt O'DowdGraphics by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, and Pedro OsinskiDirected by: Andrew KornhaberExecutive Producers: Eric Brown and Andrew KornhaberEnd Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCRl6-nb4iOnsij-vnpAjp0QSpecial Thanks to Our Patreon Supporters!Big Bang SupportersAlexander TamasDavid NicklasFabrice EapJuan BenetMorgan HoughRadu NegulescuQuasarChristina OegrenMark HeisingVinnie FalcoHypernovawilliam bryanchuck zegarDanton SpiveyDonal BotkinEdmund FokschanerHank SJohn HofmannJohn PollockJohn R. SlavikJordan YoungJoseph SalomoneJulian TyackeMathewMatthew O'ConnorMatthew RyanSyed AnsarTimothy McCullochGamma Ray BurstA GAdrian HatchAlecZeroAndreas NautschBradley JenkinsBrandon labonteBrandon LattinBrian BlanchardCraig StonahaDan WarrenDaniel LyonsDavid BethalaDavid HughesDFaulkDouglas CantrellEric KieblerFrederic SimonGeoffrey ShortGraydon GossGreg SmithJohn FunaiJohn RobinsonJosh ThomasJustin WatersKevin LeeKevin WarneKyle HoferMalte UblMichael ConroyMirik GogriNick VirtueNick WrightNickolas Andrew FreemanPatrick SuttonPaul RoseProtius ProtiusRandall SylviaRobert IlardiScott GossettSean WarniahaShane CalimlimSteve BradshawTatiana VorovchenkoTim StephaniTonyfaceTybie FitzhughYannick WeynsYurii Konovaliuk Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
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PBS Member Stations rely on viewers like you. To support your local station, go to:http://to.pbs.org/DonateSPACE

Sign Up on Patreon to get access to the Space Time Discord!
https://www.patreon.com/pbsspacetime

Perhaps you’ve seen videos of how the planets of the solar system move through the universe in this cool helix. Not only are these misleading, but the Earth’s real motion - YOUR motion through the universe, is way more complicated and way more interesting.

Check out the Space Time Merch Store
https://www.pbsspacetime.com/shop

Sign up for the mailing list to get episode notifications and hear special announcements!
https://mailchi.mp/1a6eb8f2717d/spacetime

Search the Entire Space Time Library Here: https://search.pbsspacetime.com/

Hosted by Matt O'Dowd
Written by Matt Caplan & Matt O'Dowd
Post Production by Leonardo Scholzer, Yago Ballarini, Pedro Osinski, Caique Oliveira, Adriano Leal & Stephanie Faria
Directed by Andrew Kornhaber
Associate Producer: Bahar Gholipour
Executive Producers: Eric Brown & Andrew Kornhaber
Executive in Charge for PBS: Maribel Lopez
Director of Programming for PBS: Gabrielle Ewing
Assistant Director of Programming for PBS: John Campbell

The Matt Character (at 2:19) created by Mike Crumbs
https://www.fiverr.com/mike_crumbs

Spacetime is produced by Kornhaber Brown for PBS Digital Studios.
This program is produced by Kornhaber Brown, which is solely responsible for its content.
© 2023 PBS. All rights reserved.

End Credits Music by J.R.S. Schattenberg: https://www.youtube.com/user/MultiDroideka

Space Time was made possible in part by

Big Bang Sponsors
Bryce Fort
Peter Barrett
David Neumann
Leo Koguan
Sean Maddox
Alexander Tamas
Morgan Hough
Juan Benet
Vinnie Falco
Fabrice Eap
Mark Rosenthal

Quasar Sponsors
Glenn Sugden
Alex Kern
Ethan Cohen
Stephen Wilcox
Christina Oegren
Mark Heising

Hypernova Sponsors
Silvia Gionta
David Giltinan
Ivari Tölp
Kenneth See
Gregory Forfa
Kirk Honour
Joe Moreira
Bradley Voorhees
Marc Armstrong
Scott Gorlick
Paul Stehr-Green
Scott Gray
Антон Кочков
John R. Slavik
David S. Cerutti
Donal Botkin
John Pollock
Edmund Fokschaner
chuck zegar
Jordan Young
Daniel Muzquiz

Gamma Ray Burst Supporters
Thomas Nielson
Joe Pavlovic
Ryan McGaughy
Mark West
Chuck Lukaszewski
Edward Hodapp
Kevin Tillery
Cole Combs
Marc Forand
Andrea Galvagni
Jerry Thomas
Nikhil Sharma
Ryan Moser
Jonathan Cordovano
John Anderson
Scott Hannum
Paul Widden
Bradley Ulis
Craig Falls
Kane Holbrook
Ross Story
Teng Guo
Mason Dillon
Matt Langford
Harsh Khandhadia
Thomas Tarler
Susan Albee
Frank Walker
Matt Quinn
Michael Lev
Terje Vold
James Trimmier
Anatoliy Nagornyy
Andre Stechert
Paul Wood
Kent Durham
Jim Bartosh
Ramon Nogueira
Paul Suchy
Ellis Hall
John H. Austin, Jr.
Diana S Polijar
Faraz Khan
Almog Cohen
Alex Edwards
Ádám Kettinger
Endre Pech
Daniel Jennings
Cameron Sampson
Geoffrey Clarion
Russ Creech
Jeremy Reed
David Johnston
Michael Barton
Andrew Mann
Isaac Suttell
Oliver Flanagan
Bleys Goodson
Robert Walter
Mirik Gogri
Mark Delagasse
Mark Daniel Cohen
Nickolas Andrew Freeman
Shane Calimlim
Tybie Fitzhugh
Robert Ilardi
Eric Kiebler
Craig Stonaha
Graydon Goss
Frederic Simon
Dmitri McGuiness
John Robinson
Jim Hudson
Alex Gan
David Barnholdt
David Neal
John Funai
Bradley Jenkins
Daniel Stříbrný
Cody Brumfield
Thomas Dougherty
King Zeckendorff
Dan Warren
Patrick Sutton
John Griffith
Dean Faulk
Sam Long
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