Voices of British Ballet

Patricia Clover gives the merest hint of the thinking behind Les Ballets Nègres, the company that lasted from 1946 until 1952. Her excellent memory and matter of fact style almost make you forget what a feat was achieved by its founder and director, Berto Pasuka: a Black company of dancers with cutting-edge material existing full time for six years touring the length and breadth of the country and abroad without any sort of government grant. Clover tells Patricia Linton, founder and director of Voices of British Ballet, of her early involvement with dance and about dancing with Les Ballets Nègres in its early days, as well as reflecting on the extent of racial prejudice at the time. She also talks about the musician Leonard Salzedo, whom she married, about the choreographer Andrée Howard, and about Pasuka’s determination in setting up, running and choreographing for his company.

The interview, which was recorded in 2010, is introduced by the historian Stephen Bourne who talks about Berto Pasuka’s life and career and shows Natalie Steed Les Ballets Nègres press cuttings and programmes.

Patricia Clover was born in Hammersmith, west London, in 1924. She started dancing at a local ballet school and at 16 went to study at Morley Theatre School in Lambeth. After working for a short time in a library, she joined the Gateway Theatre in Notting Hill Gate as assistant stage manager where she also played character parts. It was here that Clover met her future husband, the composer Leonard Salzedo, who was later to become musical director for Ballet Rambert and Scottish Ballet; the couple married in May 1945. Clover was involved with Berto Pasuka’s Les Ballets Nègres from the start, and the first performance was held at the 20th Century Theatre in Westbourne Park. Salzedo wrote the music for all four of the opening ballets and Clover danced with the company for several months before leaving in 1946. She later worked at the Ida Foster Theatrical Agency and then became general secretary of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists. After her retirement, Clover decided to study for her A Levels, followed by an English Literature degree. Salzedo died in 2000 and Clover in 2017.
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In 2026 Voices of British Ballet is celebrating the life of Ninette de Valois, to mark the centenary of the Royal Ballet School, with a series of interviews and special episodes that illuminate her life and artistic practice.

In this episode, Daniel Pratt, introduces two interviews the first with the dance critic of the Financial Times, Clement Crisp and then another with Richard Glasstone, the dancer and teacher. The interviews were recorded in 2011 at a conference dedicated to Ninette de Valois and they both reflect on their encounters with de Valois.

Clement Crisp died in 2022 and Richard Glasstone in 2024.
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As part of Voices of British Ballet’s Reflections series Jane Pritchard, curator of Dance at the Victoria and Albert Museum, talks to Patricia Linton, founder and director of Voices of British Ballet, about the Russian ballerina Anna Pavlova and her influence on Frederick Ashton.

Anna Pavlova is one of the few names in ballet whose fame was worldwide and enduring. Apart from her unrivalled quality as a dancer, in her later years she did more than any of her contemporaries to bring ballet to audiences all over the world, often to audiences with no previous experience of the artform.

Born in St Petersburg in 1881, Pavlova entered the Imperial Ballet School in 1891 after being inspired by a performance of The Sleeping Beauty at the Maryinsky Theatre in 1890. Her teachers included Pavel Gerdt, Christian Johansson and, later, Enrico Cecchetti. In 1897 she first danced on the Maryinsky stage, and graduated in 1899 in False Dryads, a ballet arranged by Gerdt. She danced Giselle in 1903, Princess Aurora in 1908 and Nikiya (from Marius Petipa’s La Bayadère) in 1909. She was accorded ballerina status in 1906, the year when she also danced in Moscow and began a famous and long-lasting partnership with Mikhail Mordkin. In 1907, she created Armida in Mikhail Fokine’s Le Pavillon d’Armide, and in the same year he created on her Pavlova’s famous Dying Swan solo, with which she became indissolubly linked. In all she danced 18 major roles on the Maryinsky stage on which she also appeared with Vaslav Nijinksy in Les Sylphides.

Pavlova began touring abroad in 1908, partnered first by Adolph Bolm and then by Nicholas Legat. In 1909 she was Serge Diaghilev’s first ballerina for his Ballets Russes in Paris. She made her debuts in London and New York in 1910, and in 1912 she bought Ivy House in London, which became her permanent home.

The ballerina made her final Russian appearance in June 1914. She then formed her own company, consisting mainly of British dancers. She was sympathetic to the work of Fokine and had danced in several of Diaghilev’s early seasons, but after leaving Russia she preferred the autonomy of her own company, using her own repertoire and conforming to her tastes. For some this could seem mediocre and unexciting, but Pavlova had triumphant success all over the world, and she inspired many people with a love and enthusiasm for ballet, including notably the young Frederick Ashton, when she came to perform in Lima, Peru, where he was living as a schoolboy.

Anna Pavlova married Victor Dandré in 1914, who outlived her. She died in Holland in 1931.

Reflections is a collection of personal responses to the topics and ideas that our archives highlight. These illuminating recordings sit alongside the Grace Notes section of our website. Grace Notes is a nod to the musical practice of embellishment, and also to British composer Arthur Bliss, who used the words to describe his “Grace Notes on Ballet” in Peter Noble’s 1949 book, British Ballet.

Dancers spend their careers engaging with the ideas of choreographers. Thus, having a colourful and enriched perspective on the world around them is essential. Ballet does not live in a bubble. These embellishments, both written on our website, and recorded in this special Reflections series, show the wider social and artistic context from which ballet springs and within which it thrives.
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In this 2023 interview with Jonathan Gray, dance writer and former editor of Dancing Times magazine, photographer Rick Guest talks about the inspiration and surprise he found when working with dancers for the first time, and is especially illuminating about his collaboration with Edward Watson, the former principal dancer with The Royal Ballet. Talking fluently and expansively, Guest reveals in the interview how an “outsider” eye can help bring a different, and contemporary, angle to the world of dance.

Rick Guest began his career in photography in his late twenties, following studies in science at school and university. Although he received no formal training, Guest soon gained a reputation for his work in the advertising, fashion and music industries. Guest later found inspiration in the world of ballet and dance where his portraits of dancers and choreographers, often made in collaboration with the stylist Olivia Pomp, have received wide acclaim. His dance photography was regularly featured on the cover of Dancing Times magazine and other publications. In addition, Guest has published several photographic folios on dance, including What Lies Beneath and Language of the Soul, and his work is included in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery in London. His most recent work includes a new folio, Strength and Grace: Portraits of The Royal Ballet School, which was commissioned to mark the centenary of The Royal Ballet School.
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Christopher Bruce is one of the great names in British dance. Here, in a conversation with the dance critic Mark Monahan in 2017, he describes his early days in Ballet Rambert, and his relationship with Marie Rambert herself. He talks about the transition of the Rambert company from classical to a contemporary dance ensemble and locates his own work within that framework. He also speaks warmly of Norman Morrice, and of Morrice’s important, but sometimes overlooked, role in the development of Ballet Rambert. The interview is introduced by Mark Monahan, Chief Dance Critic of the Telegraph.

Christopher Bruce was born in Leicester in 1945. He began studying dance at the Ballet Rambert School in 1956, and joined Ballet Rambert in 1963, appearing in such works as Don Quixote and Coppélia. In 1975, by which time Rambert had become a contemporary rather than a classical dance company, he became associate director of the company and, from 1979 until 1987, associate choreographer. Increasingly in demand internationally as a choreographer, he then left Rambert. He returned at the company’s re-launch in 1994 as artistic director, a post he held until 2002.
Bruce choreographed the Andrew Lloyd-Webber/Alan Ayckbourn musical Jeeves at Her Majesty’s Theatre in London in 1975. As well as choreographing for Rambert, he has created works for English National Ballet (with whom he has a long association), Nederlands Dans Theater, Houston Ballet, the Cullberg Ballet and The Royal Ballet, among others. His works include Cruel Garden, Ghost Dances, Sergeant Early’s Dream, Swansong, Moonshine and Rooster. His choreography can be seen as a fusion of classical ballet and modern dance, sometimes with autobiographical references, and there is often a political meaning as well. As one of the leading British choreographers of his era, in 2009 Bruce was appointed a CBE for his services to dance. Since 2009 he has been an honorary visiting professor at the University of Exeter.
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