Primary Care Knowledge Boost

In this really interesting episode, Doctors Lisa and Sara talk to Dr Rageshri Dhairyawan - Consultant in Sexual Health and HIV Medicine, and Dr Laura Tinner - Research Fellow in Centre for Public Health, at Bristol University. Rageshri talks about her lived experience of being dismissed in a medical situation, despite her professional background and how this led to her researching the topic in depth, and writing a book on the subject. Laura speaks to a piece of research she carried out around the views of young women accessing medical care and explains that we need to put more emphasis on listening in healthcare. They both talk to the system pressures and challenges that lead to patients feeling dismissed, but also share practical advice and tips for what healthcare professionals can do to help certain groups of people feel more heard in healthcare.

You can use these podcasts as part of your CPD - we don’t do certificates but they still count :)

Resources:

Unheard - The Medical Practice of Silencing by Dr Rageshri Dhairyawan: https://amzn.eu/d/03u4y1DX

Animation about a young women’s experience of healthcare accessible through the embedded link on this site: https://ayph.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/SHIFT-Improving-young-womens-care-resource-sheet.pdf

The Association for Young People’s Health: https://ayph.org.uk/

The Young Women’s Movement: https://youngwomenscot.org/

Training session: Enquiries taken by Association for Young People’s Health who have a 90-minute training course to healthcare professionals. It’s co-delivered by young women who have been trained in facilitation skills and can be booked by groups of healthcare professionals who would benefit from training support related to delivering care to young women. The training uses the animation pillars to go through scenarios and exercises. Cost is dependent on whether delivered online or in person and whether any bespoke elements need to be included, but please get in touch to discuss what could work for you. Contact AYPH for more info: [email protected]

The Young Women’s Movement:  EmBody to EmPower: https://youngwomenscot.org/resources/embody-to-empower/

Intersectional discrimination and mental health inequalities: a qualitative study of young women’s experiences in Scotland: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12939-024-02133-3#citeas

An exploration of discrimination in healthcare for young women in Scotland: An intersectional study: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667321525000125

Fighting the “Bog Standard”: Intersectional experiences of gender and disability discrimination within healthcare among women in Scotland: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667321526000119

Women's experiences of discrimination and the impact on health: https://www.gov.scot/publications/womens-experiences-discrimination-impact-health/

Reflect, collaborate, and listen: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(25)00251-X/abstract

Listening is a tool for health equity, not just a soft skill: https://www.bmj.com/content/390/bmj.r1164.long

Listening to the voices of the medically silenced: https://journals.plos.org/globalpublichealth/article?id=10.1371/journal.pgph.0003761

Scotland’s Women’s Health Plan: Phase Two: https://www.gov.scot/publications/womens-health-plan-phase-two-2026-2029/

Dr Jonathon Tomlinson’s blog : https://abetternhs.net/about/

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We really want to make these episodes relevant and helpful: if you have any questions or want any particular areas covered then contact us on Twitter @PCKBpodcast, or leave a comment on our quick anonymous survey here: https://pckb.org/feedback

Email us at: [email protected]

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Given that this episode was recorded with specific clinicians, the information discussed may not be applicable elsewhere and it is important to consult local guidelines before making any treatment decisions. 

The information presented is the personal opinion of the healthcare professional interviewed and might not be representative to all clinicians. It is based on their interpretation of current best practice and guidelines when the episode was recorded. Guidelines can change; To the best of our knowledge the information in this episode is up to date as of it’s release but it is the listeners responsibility to review the information and make sure it is still up to date when they listen.

Dr Lisa Adams, Dr Sara MacDermott and their interviewees are not liable for any advice, investigations, course of treatment, diagnosis or any other information, services or products listeners might pursue as a result of listening to this podcast - it is the clinicians responsibility to appraise the information given and review local and national guidelines before making treatment decisions. Reliance on information provided in this podcast is solely at the listeners risk.

The podcast is designed to be used by trained healthcare professionals for education only. We do not recommend these for patients or the general public and they are not to be used as a method of diagnosis, opinion, treatment or medical advice for the general public. Do not delay seeking medical advice based on the information contained in this podcast. If you have questions regarding your health or feel you may have a medical condition then promptly seek the opinion of a trained healthcare professional.

Doctors Lisa and Sara talk to Consultant Nephrologist Dr James Tollitt about Chronic Kidney Disease. We started by defining this and asking detailed questions on diagnosis, pitfalls to avoid, before getting his advice on risk stratifying patients and options for management. Excellent key messages with some easy practice pointers to take away that will benefit your patients and practice. 

Disclaimer: All educational content in this podcast was developed as part of the Circulation Health collaborative working project between Boehringer Ingelheim Limited, Greater Manchester Primary Care Provider Board and Health Innovation Manchester. Content has been created by Circulation Health Clinical Leads for educational purposes, reflecting NHS Clinical Lead and guideline-based recommendations. Boehringer Ingelheim had no input into content development. They have provided financial resources to support Podcast recordings related to this project.

You can use these podcasts as part of your CPD - we don’t do certificates but they still count :)

Resources:

NICE CKD Chronic kidney disease: assessment and management (last updated Nov 2021, accessed Feb 2026): https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng203/chapter/recommendations

GP Notebook Deteriorating eGFR (how to spot accelerating decline in renal function and advice on how to approach this): https://gpnotebook.com/en-GB/pages/renal-medicine/deteriorating-egfr-in-ckd

The British Journal of General Practice: The National CKD Audit: a primary care condition that deserves more attention. Aug 2018: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6058639/

Ipsos MORI poll from 2014 looking at what the Public know about Kidneys: https://www.thinkkidneys.nhs.uk/aki/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/Think-Kidneys-Report-270115-Understanding-what-the-public-know-about-their-kidneys-and-what-they-do.pdf

Liu et al. Accounting for Age in the Definition of Chronic Kidney Disease. JAMA Intern Med Oct 2021. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34459844/

Clinical Digital Resource Collaborative: Renal Disease Search tools (EMIS and SystemOne):
https://cdrc.nhs.uk/resources/systmone-resource-centre/specialties/systmone-renal-urology-overview/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/

The Kidney Failure Risk Equation (UK): https://www.kidneyfailurerisk.co.uk/

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We really want to make these episodes relevant and helpful: if you have any questions or want any particular areas covered then contact us on Twitter @PCKBpodcast, or leave a comment on our quick anonymous survey here: https://pckb.org/feedback

Email us at: [email protected]

___

This podcast has been made with the support of GP Excellence and Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board. Given that it is recorded with Greater Manchester clinicians, the information discussed may not be applicable elsewhere and it is important to consult local guidelines before making any treatment decisions. 

The information presented is the personal opinion of the healthcare professional interviewed and might not be representative to all clinicians. It is based on their interpretation of current best practice and guidelines when the episode was recorded. Guidelines can change; To the best of our knowledge the information in this episode is up to date as of it’s release but it is the listeners responsibility to review the information and make sure it is still up to date when they listen.

Dr Lisa Adams, Dr Sara MacDermott and their interviewees are not liable for any advice, investigations, course of treatment, diagnosis or any other information, services or products listeners might pursue as a result of listening to this podcast - it is the clinicians responsibility to appraise the information given and review local and national guidelines before making treatment decisions. Reliance on information provided in this podcast is solely at the listeners risk.

The podcast is designed to be used by trained healthcare professionals for education only. We do not recommend these for patients or the general public and they are not to be used as a method of diagnosis, opinion, treatment or medical advice for the general public. Do not delay seeking medical advice based on the information contained in this podcast. If you have questions regarding your health or feel you may have a medical condition then promptly seek the opinion of a trained healthcare professional.

Doctors Lisa and Sara talk to Consultant Endocrinologist Dr Rupinder Kochhar about patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Using hypothetical cases, we talk a little bit about diagnosis, but spend most of the time discussing the details of management in younger patients as well as how to de-escalate treatment and what the goals might be in a more frail elderly patient.

Disclaimer: All educational content in this podcast was developed as part of the Circulation Health collaborative working project between Boehringer Ingelheim Limited, Greater Manchester Primary Care Provider Board and Health Innovation Manchester. Content has been created by Circulation Health Clinical Leads for educational purposes, reflecting NHS Clinical Lead and guideline-based recommendations. Boehringer Ingelheim had no input into content development. They have provided financial resources to support Podcast recordings related to this project.

You can use these podcasts as part of your CPD - we don’t do certificates but they still count :)

Resources:

NICE draft guideline - Type 2 diabetes in adults: management: https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/gid-ng10336/documents/450

Managing Heart Failure, CKD and T2DM in Primary Care: https://pckb.org/e/managing-heart-faiure-ckd-and-t2dm-in-primary-care/

Essential steps in primary care management of older people with Type 2 diabetes: an executive summary on behalf of the European geriatric medicine society (EuGMS) and the European diabetes working party for older people (EDWPOP) collaboration: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10628003/

Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes, 2022. A Consensus Report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes: https://diabetesjournals.org/care/article/45/11/2753/147671/Management-of-Hyperglycemia-in-Type-Diabetes

Diabetes UK: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/

___

We really want to make these episodes relevant and helpful: if you have any questions or want any particular areas covered then contact us on Twitter @PCKBpodcast, or leave a comment on our quick anonymous survey here: https://pckb.org/feedback

Email us at: [email protected]

___

This podcast has been made with the support of GP Excellence and Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board. Given that it is recorded with Greater Manchester clinicians, the information discussed may not be applicable elsewhere and it is important to consult local guidelines before making any treatment decisions. 

The information presented is the personal opinion of the healthcare professional interviewed and might not be representative to all clinicians. It is based on their interpretation of current best practice and guidelines when the episode was recorded. Guidelines can change; To the best of our knowledge the information in this episode is up to date as of it’s release but it is the listeners responsibility to review the information and make sure it is still up to date when they listen.

Dr Lisa Adams, Dr Sara MacDermott and their interviewees are not liable for any advice, investigations, course of treatment, diagnosis or any other information, services or products listeners might pursue as a result of listening to this podcast - it is the clinicians responsibility to appraise the information given and review local and national guidelines before making treatment decisions. Reliance on information provided in this podcast is solely at the listeners risk.

The podcast is designed to be used by trained healthcare professionals for education only. We do not recommend these for patients or the general public and they are not to be used as a method of diagnosis, opinion, treatment or medical advice for the general public. Do not delay seeking medical advice based on the information contained in this podcast. If you have questions regarding your health or feel you may have a medical condition then promptly seek the opinion of a trained healthcare professional.

Doctors Lisa and Sara talk to Consultant Nephrologist Dr Darren Green about patients with Type 2 Diabetes who also have Chronic Kidney Disease and Heart Failure. 

We go through a hypothetical case to illustrate some of the finer points of management that can commonly get missed or might not be appreciated. A really detailed talk full of useful practice enhancing tips for this complex group of patients. 

Disclaimer: All educational content in this podcast was developed as part of the Circulation Health collaborative working project between Boehringer Ingelheim Limited, Greater Manchester Primary Care Provider Board and Health Innovation Manchester. Content has been created by Circulation Health Clinical Leads for educational purposes, reflecting NHS Clinical Lead and guideline-based recommendations. Boehringer Ingelheim had no input into content development. They have provided financial resources to support Podcast recordings related to this project.

Darren would like us to make you all aware that he has working relationships with pharmaceutical industry partners. Specifically, that he has received speak fees and consultancy fees from AstraZeneca, GSK, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bayer, and Lilly, and has been part of collaborative working agreements with Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, and AstraZeneca.

You can use these podcasts as part of your CPD - we don’t do certificates but they still count :)

Resources:

Dr Kevin Fernando counselling diabetic patients starting an SGLT2 Inhibitors like Dapagliflozin or Empagliflozin: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pc99SdtlsyU

Diabetes UK counselling sheets on SGLT2 inhibitors: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/about-diabetes/looking-after-diabetes/treatments/tablets-and-medication/sglt2-inhibitors

Kidney Care UK Patient Booklets: https://kidneycareuk.org/get-support/free-resources/patient-information-booklets/

Pumping Marvellous Heart Failure Charity with patient resources: https://pumpingmarvellous.org/

International Society for Nephrology Toolkit for Initiating or Changing RAASi - Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitors (like ACEis such as Lisinopril or Ramipril, or ARBs like Candesartan on Losartan): https://www.theisn.org/initiatives/toolkits/raasi-toolkit/

Royal College of General Practitioners Acute Renal Failure Toolkit: https://elearning.rcgp.org.uk/course/info.php?id=899

CONFIDENCE trial: Finerenone with Empagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes | New England Journal of Medicine: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2410659

ATLAS trial: Efficacy and safety of high-dose lisinopril in chronic heart failure patients at high cardiovascular risk, including those with diabetes mellitus: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11071803/

Metformin lactic acidosis Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2084896

UK AKI Summit report UKKA AKI Summit Report + Recommendations: https://share.google/7uw1GPQ5sV2riJtiV

RCGP AKI follow up  post discharge recommendations: https://bjgpopen.org/content/early/2020/06/15/bjgpopen20X101054/tab-figures-data?versioned=true

___

We really want to make these episodes relevant and helpful: if you have any questions or want any particular areas covered then contact us on Twitter @PCKBpodcast, or leave a comment on our quick anonymous survey here: https://pckb.org/feedback

Email us at: [email protected]

___

This podcast has been made with the support of GP Excellence and Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board. Given that it is recorded with Greater Manchester clinicians, the information discussed may not be applicable elsewhere and it is important to consult local guidelines before making any treatment decisions. 

The information presented is the personal opinion of the healthcare professional interviewed and might not be representative to all clinicians. It is based on their interpretation of current best practice and guidelines when the episode was recorded. Guidelines can change; To the best of our knowledge the information in this episode is up to date as of it’s release but it is the listeners responsibility to review the information and make sure it is still up to date when they listen.

Dr Lisa Adams, Dr Sara MacDermott and their interviewees are not liable for any advice, investigations, course of treatment, diagnosis or any other information, services or products listeners might pursue as a result of listening to this podcast - it is the clinicians responsibility to appraise the information given and review local and national guidelines before making treatment decisions. Reliance on information provided in this podcast is solely at the listeners risk.

The podcast is designed to be used by trained healthcare professionals for education only. We do not recommend these for patients or the general public and they are not to be used as a method of diagnosis, opinion, treatment or medical advice for the general public. Do not delay seeking medical advice based on the information contained in this podcast. If you have questions regarding your health or feel you may have a medical condition then promptly seek the opinion of a trained healthcare professional.

Doctors Lisa and Sara are back with Consultant Neurologist Dr Antonella Macerollo for this episode about Parkinson’s disease. 

We look at a typical case and discuss what Parkinson’s is, the differentials, the need for time to discern between these, and the options for treatment. Links include information on Clinical Trials and Parkinson’s UK which is an active Charity linking resources together for patients and professionals. Thanks to Alison Day at Parkinson’s UK for making the connection between ourselves and Antonella to make these episodes possible.

You can use these podcasts as part of your CPD - we don’t do certificates but they still count :)

 

Resources:

Parkinson’s UK: https://www.parkinsons.org.uk/

The epidemiological link between Essential Tremor and Parkinson’s Disease: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41531-023-00577-y

PD Frontline (clinical trial in Parkinson's disease): https://pdfrontline.com/en

Cure Parkinson’s: https://cureparkinsons.org.uk/

Parkinson’s Europe Charity (good resources): https://parkinsonseurope.org/

___

We really want to make these episodes relevant and helpful: if you have any questions or want any particular areas covered then contact us on Twitter @PCKBpodcast, or leave a comment on our quick anonymous survey here: https://pckb.org/feedback

Email us at: [email protected]

___

This podcast has been made with the support of GP Excellence and Greater Manchester Integrated Care Board. Given that it is recorded with Greater Manchester clinicians, the information discussed may not be applicable elsewhere and it is important to consult local guidelines before making any treatment decisions. 

The information presented is the personal opinion of the healthcare professional interviewed and might not be representative to all clinicians. It is based on their interpretation of current best practice and guidelines when the episode was recorded. Guidelines can change; To the best of our knowledge the information in this episode is up to date as of it’s release but it is the listeners responsibility to review the information and make sure it is still up to date when they listen.

Dr Lisa Adams, Dr Sara MacDermott and their interviewees are not liable for any advice, investigations, course of treatment, diagnosis or any other information, services or products listeners might pursue as a result of listening to this podcast - it is the clinicians responsibility to appraise the information given and review local and national guidelines before making treatment decisions. Reliance on information provided in this podcast is solely at the listeners risk.

The podcast is designed to be used by trained healthcare professionals for education only. We do not recommend these for patients or the general public and they are not to be used as a method of diagnosis, opinion, treatment or medical advice for the general public. Do not delay seeking medical advice based on the information contained in this podcast. If you have questions regarding your health or feel you may have a medical condition then promptly seek the opinion of a trained healthcare professional.